Helmets

Loosely based upon the leather "hairnets" that cyclists used to wear before protection was a priority, we took their ventilation and classic style and incorporated them into a modern helmet design that combines aerodynamics, weight, aesthetics, and ventilation—the Airnet with MIPS. - Ultra-light Mindset micro-dial fit system with height adjustability for the perfect fit. - 4th Dimension Cooling System with deep internal channels, large vents, and aligned exhaust ports. - Composite matrix internal reinforcement allows larger vents for enhanced cooling. - drirelease Merino wool pads for increased comfort and sweat/ temperature management. - Vent grippers integrated at the front and rear for secure eyewear storage. - Thin, soft, and lightweight 4X DryLite webbing won’t stretch out with sweat or water. - Tri-Fix web splitter for improved comfort and ease of strap adjustments. - Instrap webbing system for ultra-light construction and security. - Reflective decals for increased visibility in low-light conditions. - MIPS-equipped.

The MET Downtown MIPS is a truly modern touring helmet, ready for a weekend trek or the daily bicycle lane. The internal air-channeling and large number of vents provide exceptional ventilation. The 360° head belt and lightweight design ensures that there will be no pressure points on the skull. Featuring the MIPS-C2 rotational management system, the Downtown is able to slide against the head in the case of a crash, redirecting damaging rotational motion. MIPS is engineered to add extra safety to the standard construction of helmets in case of certain impacts. The MIPS Brain Protection System (BPS) is attached inside the helmet, between the comfort padding and the EPS. - In-mold polycarbonate shell with EPS liner - MIPS-C2 Brain Protection System offers extra protection in the case of certain impacts - Safe-T Twist 2 Fit System - 360° head belt and vertical adjustments offer a customized fit - Straps with an adjustable divider provide a customized fit - Reflective rear decal to enhance visibility - 17 vents are internally engineered for air channeling to improve ventilation and comfort - Comfort pads are hand-washable - CE; AS/NZS; US Sizing: - Small/Medium = 52 – 58cm - Medium/Large = 58 – 61cm

The MET Eldar MIPS has been re-designed for young riders who are fearless and skilled. A high quality helmet for those who aspire to ride the Enduro World Series one day. With extended coverage of the head it offers ultimate protection for those who dare to do more. Featuring the MIPS-C2 brain protection system, the Eldar is able to slide against the head in the case of a crash, redirecting damaging rotational motion. - In-mold polycarbonate shell with EPS liner - Extended head coverage for more thorough protection - MIPS C2 rotational management system is engineered to add protection in case of certain impacts - Exceptionally comfortable and secure on the head thanks to its refined internal shape - 14 vents are internally engineered for air channeling to improve ventilation and comfort - MET Safe-T Twist 2 Fit System - 360° head belt reduces pressure points on the head - Straps with adjustable dividers offer a customized fit - Reflective rear decal to enhance visibility - Comfort pads are hand-washable - Weight: 305g Sizing: - One Size = 52 – 57cm

MET Miles MIPS is a touring helmet with road spirit. It has a comfortable shape and plenty of vents to enhance air flow. Featuring the MIPS-C2 brain protection system, the Miles is able to slide against the head in the case of a crash, redirecting damaging rotational motion. MIPS is engineered to add extra safety to the standard construction of helmets in case of certain impacts. The MIPS Brain Protection System (BPS) is attached inside the helmet, between the comfort padding and the EPS. The unique 360° head belt ensures that there will be no pressure points on the skull, allowing you to achieve the perfect fit. - In-mold polycarbonate shell with EPS liner - MIPS-C2 Brain Protection System offers extra protection in the case of certain impacts - Safe-T Twist 2 Fit System - 360° head belt and vertical adjustments offer a customized fit - Straps with an adjustable divider provide a customized fit - Reflective rear decal to enhance visibility - 18 vents are internally engineered for air channeling to improve ventilation and comfort - Comfort pads are hand-washable - Reflective rear decal - Certifications: CE; AS/NZS; US Sizing: - Small/Medium = 52 – 58cm - Medium/Large = 58 – 61cm

The Macator is a sporty entry-level helmet for cyclists looking for an outstanding all-around helmet. The Macator not only has comfortable padding but also offers excellent ventilation. - In-Mold: Lightweight, durable helmet with a long-lasting combination of EPS core and Polycarbonate shell - Bug mesh: Full protection from insects - Ponytail compatibility: Perfect fit for people with long hair - Full-ring: Adjustable ring connected to adjustment system enclosing all of the head - Excellent ventilation with 5 air inlets and 8 air outlets - Zoom Ace: Finely adjustable fit system with handy adjustment wheel for a customizable fit Sizing: - Medium: 51-55cm - Large: 52-58cm - X-Large: 58-62cm

FOR OFF-ROAD ADVENTURES An ideal off-road helmet for the first rides on uneven terrain. The MoTrip promises a high level of comfort for your rides over hill and dale. The deep fit of the MTB helmet ensures the best possible protection for the head. To make off-road rides more comfortable, the MoTrip is also equipped with the MTB adjustment system. This enable both individual size adjustment and height adjustability using the adjustment wheel at the back of the head. This is a great advantage for ponytail wearers, as they can make room for a ponytail by adjusting the height. Go on off-road adventures with the lightweight and well ventilated bike helmet or alternatively wear it for commuting. - In-Mould for a permanent bond between the outer shell and the shock-absorbing helmet material (EPS) - Zoom Ace MTB: Height-adjustable adjustment system to fit the head circumference - Ponytail compatibility: Helmet well suited for ponytail wearers - Adjustable strap divider - Height-adjustable visor - Ventilation: excellent ventilation through 6 air inlets and 8 air outlets

Quin Sensor for AirDrop/Moventor 2.0 MIPS/MoDrop/MoDrop MIPS

- Street-smart looks and classic line - Fully upholstered, non-adjustable fitted interior in 5 sizes for the perfect fit - MIPS equipped for maximum protection - EPS/Thin Shell constructions uses a thin ABS shell lined with EPSFoam to create a burly lightweight lid - S: 54-55.5cm, M: 55.5-57cm, L: 57-59cm, XL: 59-60.5cm, XXL:60.5-62cm

- Ez-fit system - 13 vents with increased airflow - Removable flip visor - Lightweight - Lay flat adjustable straps - Compression-molded pads - Asteroid light compatible - Cold weather bike knit compatible - Average weight: 305.5g - MIPS: multi-directional impact protection system Helmet sizing: - Small: 52 - 55.5cm - Medium: 55.5 - 59cm

The perfect lightweight helmet offers great head coverage for ultimate protection. This is a lot of helmet for the price. It offers extensive protection around the head and deeper rear coverage. It also includes Leatt’s 360 Turbine technology, which is proven to reduce the risk of concussion by up to 30% and rotation forces upon impact by 40%. With 14 vents and Maxiflow air channels, the lightweight construction also offers great ventilation for those hot days. Details: - Polymer Compound shell in three sizes - MaxiFlow impact foam air channels are effective even at low speed - 360° Turbine Technology - Reduced peak brain acceleration by up to 30% at impact speeds associated with concussion - Reduces peak brain rotational acceleration by up to 40% - Extended rear coverage for added protection - Adjustable visor with breakaway function for rotational impact force reduction - In-molded impact foam for great energy absorption - Maximized ventilation with 14 vents effective even at low speeds - Moisture-wicking, breathable, and washable inner liner - Weight: from 320g (0,70 lbs) - Certified and tested: AS/NZS 2063:2008, EN1078, CPSC 1203

The perfect lightweight helmet offers great head coverage for ultimate protection. This is a lot of helmets for the price. It offers extensive protection around the head and deeper rear coverage. It also includes Leatt’s 360 Turbine technology, which is proven to reduce the risk of concussion by up to 30% and rotation forces upon impact by 40%. With 14 vents and Maxiflow air channels, the lightweight construction also offers great ventilation for those hot days. Details: - Polymer Compound shell in three sizes - MaxiFlow impact foam air channels are effective even at low speed - 360° Turbine Technology - Reduced peak brain acceleration by up to 30% at impact speeds associated with concussion - Reduces peak brain rotational acceleration by up to 40% - Extended rear coverage for added protection - Adjustable visor with breakaway function for rotational impact force reduction - In-molded impact foam for great energy absorption - Maximized ventilation with 14 vents effective even at low speeds - Moisture-wicking, breathable, and washable inner liner - Weight: from 320g (0,70 lbs) - Certified and tested: AS/NZS 2063:2008, EN1078, CPSC 1203

You need to get out on your bike even in terrible weather. Fitting in an early commute or a mid-winter ride is easier when you're warm, comfortable, and visible. Keeping your head warm in bad weather can be the best way to fend off the elements. - GORE-TEX Product: durably waterproof, windproof and extremely breathable - Reflective band - Elastic hem - Reflective logo - Durably waterproof - Extremely breathable - All weather conditions - Engineered for Cycling - Weight: 0.8 ounces

OFF ROAD STYLE The new MTB helmet from Lazer! Top-end performance at a great price. The color-matched and fully integrated visor looks great and keeps sun out of the eyes and off the face. 15 vents keep the interior cool on those long single track climbs. The TS+ retention system with Adjustable Head Basket allows for a secure and easy-to-adjust helmet and delivers a perfect fit for every ride. The integrated low-friction MIPS layer adds additional protection against rotational impacts. - Increased protection - Visor - Turnfit Plus system - MIPS layer - Fit System: Turnfit Plus system - Construction: In-Mold - Ventilation: 15 vents - Weight: 305g (S) - Certification: CE-CPSC-AS

The FeatherWeight features In-Mold technology to make a custom shape and fit utilizing a thin outer shell that covers and protects high-density EPS foam. - High density EPS in-mold construction - Tested and certified for CPSC and EN 1078 standards for bicycle use - Two sets of padding included for custom fitting - Crow rivets and 10 flow-vents to keep cool - Small/Medium = 50 – 56cm - Large/X-Large = 58 – 61cm

EVA Molded Soft Case protects your helmet during storage and transport. Designed specifically to fit the TT2 helmet. - Durable EVA Construction - Heavy duty zipper closure - Adjustable carrying handle - Helmet sold separately

The perfect lightweight junior helmet offering head and brain protection. This is a lot of helmet for the price. It offers extensive protection around the head and a deeper rear coverage. Perfect for junior riders that need a little bit more protection. It also includes Leatt’s 360 Turbine technology, which is proven to reduce the risk of concussion by up to 30% and rotation forces upon impact by 40%. No need to keep taking it on and off either. Lightweight and with 14 Maxiflow air channels, the lightweight construction also offers great ventilation for those hot days. - Polymer Compound shell - 360° Turbine Technology brain injury reduction technology - Reduces forces associated with concussion - MaxiFlow impact foam air channels effective even at low speed - Extended rear coverage for added protection - Adjustable visor with breakaway function for rotational impact force reduction - In-molded impact foam for great energy absorption - Moisture wicking, breathable, and washable inner liner - Certified and tested: AS/NZS 2063:2008, EN1078, CPSC 1203

It’s All in Your Tactic. With an unprecedented combination of fit, ventilation, and confidence for trail and enduro riding, the Tactic helmet delivers exceptional coverage and seamless integration with goggles or glasses. Complies with U.S. CPSC Safety Standard for Bicycle Helmets for Persons Age 5 and Older. - Tune a more precise, personalized fit thanks to Tactic’s slim, incredibly adjustable Integrated Fit System that accommodates variations in head shape and occipital base. - Occipital base adjustment personalizes fit for comfort and allows you to tune helmet angle to ensure that your helmet and eyewear stay perfectly synched. - Integrated fixed visor provides increased trail vision and a seamless interface with eyewear. Specifically designed eyewear channels always give you a spot to store your glasses at a moment’s notice. - Average weight: 380 grams (medium). - Computational Fluid Dynamic design integrates the maximum volume of internal channeling for optimal airflow through the helmet drawing heat away from the head. 4D brow cooling which provides a gap between the helmet and forehead, draws airflow into internal air channels at every speed. - Whether you're riding acoustic or e-MTB, the Tactic is certified to NTA 8776. - The Tactic earned the highest 5-Star Virginia Tech Helmet Rating from the internationally renowned Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. - Fitted with a MIPS Evolve solution. - Integrated fit system allows for extended (occipital) coverage. - This helmet is ANGi ready, with a fit system mount designed for easy integration with our ANGi crash sensor.

It's All in Your Tactic. With an unprecedented combination of fit, ventilation, and confidence for trail and enduro riding, the Tactic helmet delivers exceptional coverage and seamless integration with goggles or glasses. Complies with U.S. CPSC Safety Standard for Bicycle Helmets for Persons Age 5 and Older. - Tune a more precise, personalized fit thanks to Tactic's slim, incredibly adjustable Integrated Fit System that accommodates variations in head shape and occipital base. - Occipital base adjustment personalizes fit for comfort and allows you to tune helmet angle to ensure that your helmet and eyewear stay perfectly synched. - Integrated fixed visor provides increased trail vision and a seamless interface with eyewear. Specifically designed eyewear channels always give you a spot to store your glasses at a moment's notice. - Average weight: 380 grams (medium). - Computational Fluid Dynamic design integrates the maximum volume of internal channeling for optimal airflow through the helmet drawing heat away from the head. 4D brow cooling which provides a gap between the helmet and forehead, draws airflow into internal air channels at every speed. - Whether your riding acoustic or e-MTB, the Tactic is certified to NTA 8776. - The Tactic earned the highest 5-Star Virginia Tech Helmet Rating from the internationally renowned Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. - Fitted with a MIPS Evolve solution. - Integrated fit system allows for extended (occipital) coverage. - This helmet is ANGi ready, with a fit system mount designed for easy integration with our ANGi crash sensor.

Riding is for everyone, so we created the Camber to provide a dialed fit for rippers of all sizes, from kids on up. The Camber comes equipped with all the comfort, style, and ventilation to make every ride a joyride. Complies with U.S. CPSC Safety Standard for Bicycle Helmets for Persons Age 5 and Older. - Camber earned the highest 5-Star Virginia Tech Helmet Rating from internationally renowned Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. - The MIPS system is a low-friction layer that allows a sliding motion of 10 to 15mm in all directions. Studies indicate that this reduces some of the rotational forces transmitted to the brain during angled impacts. - With x-small to x-large options spread across five unique shell sizes, the Camber eliminates excess bulk to deliver a comfortable and streamlined fit to a full range of riders. - Easily-adjustable, one-size Headset SX fit system with adjustable Tri-Fix web splitters delivers an easy and accurate fit. - 4th Dimension Cooling System optimizes ventilation. - In-molded shell improves strength and reduces weight. - This helmet is ANGi ready, with a fit system mount designed for easy integration with our ANGi crash sensor. - Average weight: 370 grams (medium).

Clean aesthetic, comfortable fit, and a budget-friendly price—that's what makes up the Align II. The standout feature of the Align II is the inclusion of the Multi-Directional Impact Protection System (MIPS), a patented technology designed to mitigate against rotational forces transmitted to the brain during certain angled impact scenarios. In addition, the Align II became the only $50 helmet to earn the highest Five Star rating from the independent testing done at the renowned Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. When including MIPS and earning this Five Star Virginia Tech Helmet Rating we didn't give up any comfort—the Align II includes the Headset SX dial fit system for easy fit adjustment, our 4th Dimension Cooling System for incredible ventilation, and an easy one-size fit system. If you're on the quest for a feature-rich helmet that leaves some jingle jangle in your pocket, the Align II is for you. Complies with U.S. CPSC Safety Standard for Bicycle Helmets for Persons Age 5 and Older. - Align II earned the highest 5-Star Virginia Tech Helmet Rating from internationally renowned Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. - The MIPS system is a low-friction layer that allows a sliding motion of 10 to 15mm in all directions. Studies indicate that this reduces some of the rotational forces transmitted to the brain during angled impacts. - Easily-adjustable, one-size Headset SX fit system is designed for easy and accurate fit for a wide range of head sizes. Add in a micro-adjustable dial for on-the-fly adjustability and you're ensured an easy, secure, and accurate fit. - 4th Dimension Cooling System optimizes ventilation. - In-molded shell improves strength and reduces weight. - Reflective decals for increased visibility in low-light conditions.

Sleek styling, cool graphics, and youth-oriented sizing make the Shuffle Child LED helmet the perfect choice for your kids—day or night. - MIPS-equipped. - Integrated LED tail light for increased visibility in in both bright and low-light conditions. - Headset SX fit system with child-oriented sizing that's designed for an easy and accurate fit. - 4th Dimension Cooling System to optimize ventilation. - In-molded shell improves strength and reduces weight. - Tri-Fix web splitter for improved comfort and ease of strap adjustments. - Reflective webbing for increased visibility in low-light conditions. - Stylish, youthful designs complement our bike graphics and colors. - Patented clip-on visor included.

The Scraper 3.0 is just as much at home on the bike as in the halfpipe, protecting the BMX rider as reliably as the longboard fan. And, with the optional winter kit, you can get after it in all types of weather. The intelligent ventilation system, with its many inlets and outlets, and the numerous adjustment options that adapt the Scraper 3.0 to each head in a few easy steps, ensure the greatest possible comfort. - ABS hard-shell technology - High visibility due to powerful reflectors - Ponytail compatibility: Helmet well suited to plait wearers - Forced Air Cooling Technology: Sophisticated ventilation system for an optimal head climate - Excellent ventilation with 4 air inlets and 4 air outlets - Size adjustment by means of a half-ring made from particularly hard-wearing and slightly malleable plastic for optimal stability and fit - Zoom Ace Urban: Finely adjustable fit system with a handy adjustment wheel Sizing: - Medium: 54 – 58cm - Large: 57 – 62cm

The Shadow Classic Helmet is constructed with a high-impact ABS hard shell with a light EPS core liner for even distribution of force upon impact. Two sets of our breathable foam pads ensure a custom fit for each rider's personal needs. Our 10 vent shell was designed to be lightweight and offer the rider great ventilation without compromising the helmet structure and durability. With such attention to detail, it's no surprise that the Classic helmets surpassed all EN and CPSC standards while being vigorously laboratory-tested to the highest possible degree. - ABS Hardshell construction with light EPS core liner - Shadow Crow Head rivets and Classic woven label - Adult sizes include 2 sets of padding for a custom fit - Surpasses all CE & CPSE Standards - Weight: 400 grams - Sizes: XS (46-50 cm), SM/MD (50-56 cm), LG/XL (56-61 cm), 2XL (61 65cm)

Inspired by the popular Chakra adult helmet, modified to better fit the next generation of riders. The Chakra Youth features Composite Fusion technology, extended rear coverage and cool graphics, making it a safe, secure, and stylish choice for any kid. - Washable, anti-microbial, moisture wicking pads - Polycarbonate shell with EPS foam - Dial-Fit closure - 21 vents provide maximum airflow - Breakaway visor

Our patented ANGi sensor calls for help when you can’t. In fact, it’s the first device to protect you before, during, and after a crash. It does this through a pairing with our Specialized Ride App for iOS or Android devices. And if it detects a crash, it commences a countdown that, if you’re ok, you can stop and keep riding. If, however, ANGi determines that you’re in need of help, it’ll send an alert to your selected contacts with your last known GPS coordinates and a message that you’re in need of help. What about if you’re out of service coverage? ANGi has a plan for that. Just set your estimated ride time before you head out when you know that your ride will take you out of range. All you need is an active data signal when you start your session. And if you haven’t completed your ride within that time frame, ANGi will send a notification to your contacts with your last uploaded location. - ANGi is a ride tracker, crash detector, and safety beacon. - Includes a one-year subscription to Specialized Ride Premium app. - Detects and reports potentially dangerous helmet impacts to the Specialized Ride app, which notifies your emergency contacts and sends them your most recent GPS coordinates. - Additional premium features include start ride notifications and ride-time alerts. - Attaches to Specialized ANGi-ready helmets. - Approximate six months' battery life on a 2032 coin cell battery. - Weight: 10 grams w/ battery - Two-year sensor warranty

Set your littlest riders on the path to two-wheeled freedom with the all-new Mio 2 helmet. Through an exclusive partnership with KTH Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) and Mips, we shared our helmet’s CAD designs and studied the malleable skulls of young children with Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Because toddler-aged children’s heads are softer and still growing, using low-density foam - and more of it - was the outcome of this partnership. DATA DRIVEN INNOVATION: Coming out of our KTH and Mips partnership, the Mio 2 had increased the amount of low-density foam inside by 16.5%, only growing the overall size of the helmet by 2.5%. COMFORT: The Mio 2 may have the latest and greatest technology inside, but that only matters when the helmet is worn properly. That’s why Mio 2 features specific toddler-oriented sizing and our SX headset fit system, to help it stay properly fitted and comfortable, whenever it is worn. The easy-to-use tri-fix web splitter makes getting a ‘fuss-free’ fit incredibly simple, all adding up to a helmet they’ll beg to wear. UNLEASH THEIR IMAGINATION: On the outside, the Mio 2 comes in energetic colors sure to inspire fun and creativity from adventure-hungry kids. The included sticker pack offers a retro vibe with a modern twist with bright graphics and lettering for even more personalization. After all, getting our young riders excited enough to want to wear their helmet every day is the number one goal. For helmets sold in the U.S. and Canada: Complies with U.S. CPSC Safety Standard for Bicycle Helmets for Persons Age 1 and Older. - Mips-equipped. - Headset SX fit system with toddler-oriented sizing that's designed for an easy and accurate fit. - In-molded shell improves strength and reduces weight. - Tri-Fix web splitter for improved comfort and ease of strap adjustments. - Reflective webbing and rear decal for increased visibility in low-light conditions. - 46-51 cm OSFM Toddler size, approximately up to age three. - Size: 18-20" / 46-51cm

- Lower rear coverage offers added protection off-road - Detachable visor - FitRite retention dial for one-hand adjustment - 11 large vents maximize air flow - Available in Adult sizes S/M (54-58cm) and L/XL (58-62cm) - Certification: CPSC, EN1078

- FitRite easy fit retention system - 16 Vents - Detachable Visor - Small/Medium (51—58cm) - Large/XL (56—61cm)PLEASE NOTE MISPRINT ON PACKAGING LISTING SM AS 51-55CM

- Simple, streamlined design for the commuter or recreational rider - FitRite retention dial for one-hand adjustment - 16 vents to keep you cool in traffic or in the park - Available in Adult sizes Small/Medium (55-59cm) and Large/X-Large (59-63cm) - Certification: CPSC, EN1078

Thoughtfully designed so you can spend more time adventuring with your child and less time fiddling with gear, the unisize Nutz helmet incorporates kid-friendly details to provide confidence-inspiring protection for little ones graduating to balance bikes or first pedal bikes. Make gearing your child up for their ride fast and painless with a cleverly positioned cheek buckle that avoids tearful skin-pinching under the chin. Nutz features an automatic EZ Fit system that continues to adjust with your child as they grow and provides a secure fit in seconds with no pressure points or hot spots. Designed with deeper coverage around the sensitive temple area to offer more protection against accidental bumps and tumbles, as well as a built-in insect net for plenty of airflow while keeping critters out, this lightweight helmet is certified by the Consumer Products Safety Commission (CPSC) for children ages 5 and up. Enjoy peace of mind watching your little shredder learn to ride and leave the protection up to us. Better by design, KinetiCore is the world's first responsibly designed and fully Integrated Rotational Impact Protection technology that's built right into the helmet instead of added on after. - WEIGHT: 250g - MATERIAL: EPS Foam, Polycarbonate, Nylon - FIT SYSTEM: EZ Fit - VENTILATION: 12 - ROTATIONAL PROTECTION: Lazer KinetiCore - CERTIFICATION: CPSC - ACCESSORIES: Optional Universal LED Features: Less Pinches, Less Tears Skip the chin-pinching drama with a child-friendly cheek buckle. Easy Fit No-fuss Automatic EZ Fit system makes finding a secure fit effortless. Just open it, put the helmet on, and it'll automatically adjust to provide the right fit for your child. No More Bugs A built-in insect net keeps bugs out while letting the breeze in, minimizing distractions and irritations. Integrated Rotational Impact Protection KinetiCore Controlled Crumple Zones absorb the force of both direct and rotational impacts in the event of a crash to re-direct energy away from your head, protecting you when you need it most. LED Light Compatible Increase visibility by attaching the Universal Lazer LED to the back of the helmet, so your child can be seen in all light and weather conditions. Increased Coverage Tip-overs happen. This helmet provides increased coverage around the temples, offering extra protection across the head's most sensitive area. Unisize One size fits all. The helmet shell and fit system is designed to accommodate a wide variety of head sizes and shapes. Lightweight Design Built 22% lighter than the previous Lazer Nutz MIPS helmet and with less plastics, its reduced carbon footprint design provides top-rated protection without unnecessary weight.